Citation

Elvik R. Accid. Anal. Prev. 2017; 107: 1-10.

Affiliation

Institute of Transport Economics, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: re@toi.no.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2017, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.aap.2017.07.006

PMID

28753414

Abstract

Studies of the relationship between access point density (number of access points, or driveways, per kilometre of road) and accident frequency or rate (number of accidents per unit of exposure) have consistently found that accident rate increases when access point density increases. This paper presents a formal synthesis of the findings of these studies. It was found that the addition of one access point per kilometre of road is associated with an increase of 4% in the expected number of accidents, controlling for traffic volume. Although studies consistently indicate an increase in accident rate as access point density increases, the size of the increase varies substantially between studies. In addition to reviewing studies of access point density as a risk factor, the paper discusses some issues related to formally synthesising regression coefficients by applying the inverse-variance method of meta-analysis.

Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Language: en

Keywords

Access points; Accident prediction models; Accident rate; Meta-analysis; Regression coefficients