Citation

Leary JB, Kim GY, Bradley CL, Hussain UZ, Sacco M, Bernad M, Collins J, Dsurney J, Chan L. J. Head Trauma Rehabil. 2018; 33(1): E28-E35.

Affiliation

Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (Mr Leary, Mss Kim, Bradley, Hussain, and Sacco, and Drs Bernad and Chan); Department of Rehabilitation Science, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia (Dr Collins); and Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (Drs Dsurney and Chan).

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins)

DOI

10.1097/HTR.0000000000000329

PMID

28731870

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Examine the association of cognitive reserve (CR) factors (estimated premorbid intelligence quotient [IQ], years of education, and occupational attainment) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) severity with functional and neuropsychological outcomes 1 to 5 years following TBI. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with mild (N = 58), moderate (N = 25), or severe (N = 17) TBI. MAIN MEASURES: Cognitive reserve factors (estimated premorbid IQ, years of education, and occupational attainment); neuropsychological test battery; Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended; Short Form-36 Health Survey. ANALYSES: Spearman-Brown correlations, linear regression models, and analyses of covariance were used to analyze the relation between CR factors and outcome measures.

RESULTS: Analyses revealed significant relations between estimated premorbid IQ and neuropsychological outcomes (P <.004): California Verbal Learning Test, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition working memory, Booklet Category Test, Trail Making Test B, and Grooved Pegboard Test. There was also a significant correlation between estimated premorbid IQ and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition processing speed. Years of education had significant relations with California Verbal Learning Test and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition working memory and processing speed scores. There were significant differences between TBI severity groups and performance on the Trail Making Test A, Grooved Pegboard Test, and Finger Tapping Test.

CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive reserve factors may be associated with outcomes following TBI. Additional alternatives to TBI severity are needed to help guide rehabilitative planning postinjury.

Language: en