Citation

Dzurec LC, Kennison M, Gillen P. Nurs. Outlook 2017; 65(5): 588-596.

Affiliation

Research and Development for Nurses, Midwives and AHPs, Southern Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland; Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Northern Ireland.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2017, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.outlook.2017.01.012

PMID

28455111

Abstract

PURPOSE: Bullying occurs frequently-and with significant negative outcomes-in workplace settings. Once established, bullying endures in the workplace, requiring the interaction of a bully perpetrator and an intended target who takes on the role of victim. Not every target becomes a victim, however. The purpose of this study is to investigate the processes by which targets, intended objects of bullies' affronts, become victims, those individuals who experience ongoing emotional injury in response to bullies' affronts, and to clarify how bullying victimization impedes inclusive excellence in the workplace.

DESIGN: The design for this study was pragmatic utility, an inductive research approach grounded in assumptions of hermeneutics.

METHODS: The pragmatic utility process involved the investigators' synthesis of descriptions from a broad, interdisciplinary published literature. Integrating knowledge from their previous research and practice experiences with the pragmatic utility process, they derived qualitative features of victims' experiences, differentiating target from victim in bullying encounters.

FINDINGS: For those targets who ultimately are victimized, response to bullies' affronts extends far beyond the immediate present. Redolence of personal, lived experience revives bygone vulnerabilities, and naïve communication and relationship expectations reinforce a long-standing, impoverished sense. That sense couples with workplace dynamics to augment a context of exclusion.

CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that, as Heidegger contended, we are our histories. Personal history demonstrates a significance influence on the manifestation of bullying victimization, acting to distance them from their workplace peers and to impede inclusive excellence.

Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Language: en

Keywords

Inclusive excellence; Workplace bullying; Workplace culture