Citation

Harden KP, Kretsch N, Mann FD, Herzhoff K, Tackett JL, Steinberg L, Tucker-Drob EM. Dev. Cogn. Neurosci. 2016; 25: 221-234.

Affiliation

Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States; Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2016, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.dcn.2016.12.007

PMID

28082127

Abstract

The dual systems model posits that adolescent risk-taking results from an imbalance between a cognitive control system and an incentive processing system. Researchers interested in understanding the development of adolescent risk-taking use a diverse array of behavioral and self-report measures to index cognitive control and incentive processing. It is currently unclear whether different measures commonly interpreted as indicators of the same psychological construct do, in fact, tap the same underlying dimension of individual differences. In a diverse sample of 810 adolescent twins and triplets (M age=15.9years, SD=1.4years) from the Texas Twin Project, we investigated the factor structure of fifteen self-report and task-based measures relevant to adolescent risk-taking. These measures can be organized into four factors, which we labeled premeditation, fearlessness, cognitive dyscontrol, and reward seeking. Most behavioral measures contained large amounts of task-specific variance; however, most genetic variance in each measure was shared with other measures of the corresponding factor. Behavior genetic analyses further indicated that genetic influences on cognitive dyscontrol overlapped nearly perfectly with genetic influences on IQ (rA=-0.91). These findings underscore the limitations of using single laboratory tasks in isolation, and indicate that the study of adolescent risk taking will benefit from applying multimethod approaches.

Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Language: en

Keywords

Adolescence; Cognitive control; Delay discounting; Dual systems; Impulsivity; Intelligence; Reward seeking; Risk-taking; Self-control