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Citation |
Rohl B, Collins K, Morgan S, Cosentino S, Huey ED, Louis ED. J. Neurol. Sci. 2016; 371: 24-31. |
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Affiliation |
Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, 15 York Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroepidemiology and Clinical Neurological Research, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. Electronic address: elan.louis@yale.edu. |
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Copyright |
(Copyright © 2016, Elsevier Publishing) |
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DOI |
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PMID |
27871441 |
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Abstract |
There is increasing evidence that essential tremor (ET) is a complex and heterogeneous disorder with nonmotor features including cognitive deficits and sleep problems. We are unaware of a study that has examined sleep deficits in ET across the full spectrum of cognitive presentations. Cross-sectional (baseline) data on self-reported nighttime sleep dysfunction and excessive daytime sleepiness were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) in 96 ET cases enrolled in a prospective study. Cases underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, and were classified as ET with normal cognition (ET-NC), ET with mild cognitive impairment (ET-MCI), and ET with dementia (ET-D). PSQI scores did not significantly differ across the three ET cognitive groups (p=0.22). ESS scores were highest (more daytime sleepiness) in the ET-MCI group, followed by the ET-D and ET-NC groups, respectively (p=0.016). We examined sleep dysfunction across the cognitive spectrum in ET. We demonstrate for the first time that excessive daytime sleepiness is greater in ET-MCI than ET-NC. Unpredicted low ESS scores in the dementia group raises two possibilities: a self-report bias related to cognitive impairment and/or the possibility that currently undefined pathological heterogeneity in ET may map onto multiple presentations of non-motor deficits. Language: en |