Citation

Bjugstad KB, Rael LT, Levy S, Carrick M, Mains CW, Slone DS, Bar-Or D. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2016; 2016: e6974257.

Affiliation

Department of Trauma Research, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO 80113, USA; Department of Trauma Research, St. Anthony Hospital, Lakewood, CO 80228, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rocky Vista University, Aurora, CO 80134, USA; Penrose-St. Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO 80907, USA.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2016, Hindawi Publishing)

DOI

10.1155/2016/6974257

PMID

27642494

Abstract

There are few reliable markers for assessing traumatic brain injury (TBI). Elevated levels of oxidative stress have been observed in TBI patients. We hypothesized that oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) could be a potent biomarker in TBI. Two types of ORP were measured in patient plasma samples: the static state of oxidative stress (sORP) and capacity for induced oxidative stress (icORP). Differences in ORP values as a function of time after injury, severity, and hospital discharge were compared using ANOVAs with significance at p ≤ 0.05. Logit regression analyses were used to predict acute outcome comparing ORP, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Antioxidant capacity (icORP) on day 4 was prognostic for acute outcomes (p < 0.05). An odds ratio of 4.08 was associated with poor acute outcome when icORP > 7.25 μC. IcORP was a better predictor than ISS, AIS, or GCS scores. sORP increased in those with the highest ISS values (p < 0.05). Based on these findings ORP is useful biomarker for severity and acute outcome in TBI patients. Changes in ORP values on day 4 after injury were the most prognostic, suggesting that patients' response to brain injury over time is a factor that determines outcome.

Language: en