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Abstract
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In the article investigated the committers of crimes against freedom, honor and dignity of person. The author finds the theoretical and methodological problems of the perpetrator in general and, in particular, provided the third section of the current Criminal Code of Ukraine, argues with existing views on these issues. In addition, in the research proposed author’s definition of committers of crimes under articles 146-150-1 and 151 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.
The author refers to the historical analysis of the legislative approach to the understanding of such element of the offense as the perpetrator.
The author also notes that the analysis of the legal, philosophical, medical and psychological literature allows to identify the main theoretical and methodological problems of teaching of the committer of crime in the science of criminal law, therefore, the author refers to the methodology of the study of the concept of the committer of crime in general, in order to come to an understanding of the committer of crime against freedom, honor and dignity of the individual in particular.
The author notes that the formation of a number of methodological foundations of the doctrine of committer of crimes relate to theories and legal views of Immanuel Kant, Hegel, Feuerbach, Fichte and other scholars of law, which had a great influence on the development of legal thought in Ukraine, and appeals for these views.
Further, the author proceeds to criminal legal views of Kant on the problem of the committer of crime and similar views of other philosophers and scientists. The author also touches the issue of sanity and insanity of the offender which is one of the basic theories of criminal law in relation to the committer of crime. The author in the article appeals to the methodological and theoretical analysis of the subject of crime in criminal law and criminal legislation. As the author notes, an important theoretical basis to study the committer of the crime is the age set by the law, also author draws attention to the classification of the committer of crime, including under articles 146-151 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The author believes that the theoretical solution to the question of the subject of the crime under the articles 146-151 of the Criminal Code, should primarily serve as practice to combat these crimes. Developments in the science of criminal law can be perceived in practice only if sufficiently specified and are based on the real life conditions of society, have a legal and social framework of the criminal law. Thus, as the author notes, the above-mentioned basic methodological and theoretical approaches to the committer of crime and, in particular, crimes stipulated articles 146-151 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, provide the opportunity to explore the nature of these crimes, and the author, at the end of article, giving the author's definition of the committers of the crimes set out in the section 3 of Criminal Code of Ukraine.
Keywords: Crimes against freedom, honor and dignity of person; Committer of crime; General committer; Special committer of crime.
Language: uk |
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Vernacular Abstract
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У статті досліджено суб'єкти злочинів проти волі, честі та гідності особи. Автор з'ясовує теоретичні та методологічні проблеми суб'єкта злочину взагалі і, зокрема, передбачених розділом третім чинного КК України, полемізує з існуючими поглядами на ці питання. Крім того, пропонуються авторські визначення суб'єктів злочинів, передбачених стст. 146--150-1 та ст. 151 КК України.
Ключові слова: злочини проти волі, честі та гідності особи, суб'єкт злочину, загальний суб'єкт, спеціальний суб'єкт злочину. |