Citation

Amowitz LL, Reis C, Lyons KH, Vann B, Mansaray B, Akinsulure-Smith AM, Taylor L, Iacopino V. J. Am. Med. Assoc. JAMA 2002; 287(4): 513-521.

Affiliation

Physicians for Human Rights, 100 Boylston St, Suite 702, Boston, MA 02116, USA. phrusa@phrusa.org

Copyright

(Copyright © 2002, American Medical Association)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

11798376

Abstract

CONTEXT: Sierra Leone's decade-long conflict has cost tens of thousands of lives and all parties to the conflict have committed abuses. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and impact of war-related sexual violence and other human rights abuses among internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Sierra Leone. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional, randomized survey, using structured interviews and questionnaires, of internally displaced Sierra Leone women who were living in 3 IDP camps and 1 town, which were conducted over a 4-week period in 2001. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 991 women provided information on 9,166 household members. The mean (SE) age of the respondents was 34 (0.48) years (range, 14-80 years). The majority of the women sampled were poorly educated (mean [SE], 1.9 [0.11] years of formal education); 814 were Muslim (82%), and 622 were married (63%). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Accounts of war-related sexual assault and other human rights abuses. RESULTS: Overall, 13% (1,157) of household members reported incidents of war-related human rights abuses in the last 10 years, including abductions, beatings, killings, sexual assaults and other abuses. Ninety-four (9%) of 991 respondents and 396 (8%) of 5,001 female household members reported war-related sexual assaults. The lifetime prevalence of non-war-related sexual assault committed by family members, friends, or civilians among these respondents was also 9%, which increased to 17% with the addition of war-related sexual assaults (excluding 1% of participants who reported both war-related and non-war-related sexual assault). Eighty-seven percent of women believed that there should be legal protection for women's human rights. More than 60% of respondents believed a man has a right to beat his wife if she disobeys, and that it is a wife's duty/obligation to have sex with her husband even if she does not want to. CONCLUSIONS: Sexual violence committed by combatants in Sierra Leone was widespread and was perpetrated in the context of a high level of human rights abuses against the civilian population.