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Journal Article

Citation

Sato Y, Itagaki H. J. Occup. Saf. Health (Tokyo) 2015; 8(1): 3-12.

Vernacular Title

示差型断熱熱量計の熱的危険性評価に対する適用範囲の検討

Copyright

(Copyright © 2015, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (Japan))

DOI

10.2486/josh.JOSH-2015-0011-GE

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

In order to prevent accidents involving fire and explosions due to the accumulation of heat during the self-decomposition of stored chemical materials, it is important to understand the thermal behavior of stored materials under an adiabatic condition. Recently, a differential-type adiabatic calorimeter (DARC) has been developed. However, the application range of the DARC in a thermal hazard evaluation is not fully understood. Therefore, in order to understand the application range of a DARC in a thermal hazard evaluation, the thermal behavior of di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP)-toluene solution and DTBP decomposition were measured. The results measured by the DARC were compared with those of an Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC). As a result, the DARC is considered to be effective in a thermal hazard evaluation for a small exothermic reaction of less than 100 J/g, which is difficult to evaluate by ARC. In contrast, a DARC should not be used for the thermal hazard evaluation of the material that has a large reaction heat and vapor pressure.


Language: ja

Vernacular Abstract

化学プラントなどにおいて,大量に蓄えられた化学物質の中心部分は,物質の熱移動が遅いため擬似的な断熱状態となる.それは蓄熱による爆発火災事故をもたらす可能性があり,それらの事故を防止するには断熱条件における発熱挙動の把握が重要である.最近,着目している反応の断熱条件における発熱挙動を直接測定できる示差型の断熱熱量計(DARC)が開発された.しかし,DARCによる熱的危険性の評価例は少なく,その適用範囲は十分に分かっていない.そこで,DARCの熱的危険性に対する適用範囲を明確にすることを目的として,反応機構が既知であり,断熱熱量計の性能評価によく用いられているジ-tert-ブチルペルオキシド(DTBP)とトルエンの希釈溶液及びDTBP単体の熱分解挙動を測定し,広く用いられている断熱熱量計(ARC)との比較を行った.その結果,ARCでは評価が困難であった発熱量100 J/g未満の微小な発熱を示す反応の熱的危険性評価に,DARCが有効であると考えられた.一方,蒸気圧を有する発熱量の大きい物質の熱的危険性評価には適用すべきではないと考えられた.

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