Citation

Lee M. Korean terrorism studies Review 2012; 5(2): 125-157.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2012)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

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Abstract

This paper is to analyze human security approach and international cooperation measures to resolve transnational threats in North Korea such as NK defectors, drug, organized crime, and human trafficking. For the purpose of that, this paper intends to search for introduction; concept/pattern/tendency of transnational threats; real state of drug, organized crime, and human trafficking in North Korea; human security approach and international cooperation measures to resolve transnational threats, and conclusion. In addition to the traditional military threats, the nature of today's changing security threats can be summed up as being complicated and multifarious due to the increase of transnational and non-military threats. In particular, transnational threats (for example, NK defectors, drug, organized crime, and human trafficking) transcend national boundaries and sovereignty so that a country alone cannot resolve these threats. North Korean regime has been involved in the production and trafficking of illicit drugs. Many North Korean defectors in China become victims of human trafficking as well as forced labor. The problem of North Korean defectors has been a major issue, the living conditions and human rights situation of the defectors are not improving. In short, we need more efficient human security approach and international cooperation measures to resolve transnational threats in North Korea such as NK defectors, drug, organized crime, and human trafficking. We have to do our best to reduce and remove various transnational threats including transnational organized crimes associated with drug and human trafficking, etc.