Citation

Bruck F, Lugner P, Schretter H. Ski. Trauma Saf. 2003; 14: 10-10-14.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2003, ASTM International)

DOI

10.1520/STP10958S

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

To analyze the behavior and the local force transfer condition by simulation techniques, the ski was modeled with 18 segments and an additional shovel segment. The elastic and damping properties of the ski were concentrated to the joints between the segments representing the bending and torsional characteristics according to measurements. The ski-snow contact comprises forces due to penetration, cutting properties of the edge and friction; new measurements were used for essential data. Since the experimental verification of the simulation results was essential, a special ski-sledge was used instead of a skier. The results on the one hand show good agreement between measured trajectories for a half turn and their simulated counterparts. On the other hand, by the simulation the discrepancy between carving radii of the deformed skis and the traveled radius became obvious -- and consequently starting points for improvements. Moreover, the local force transfer along the edge shows the vertical force distribution and the positions where lateral skidding is relevant. Further utilization of the dynamic simulation, including local force distribution, should lead to more optimal design of skis and binding plates -- as local stiffening of the structure -- thereby enhancing sports performance and reducing the effort for recreational skiers.

KEYWORDS:

ski model, ski-snow contact model, side cut, dynamic ski simulation, ski-sledge

Language: en