Citation

Toch H. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 1985; 15(2): 105-123.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1985, John Wiley and Sons)

DOI

10.1111/j.1559-1816.1985.tb02338.x

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

This paper discusses views of violence that point to situational impingements on the aggressor as precipitants of his or her aggression. The view (situational determinism) is illustrated through excerpts from a trial that was concerned with police responsibility for incidents of police-citizen violence. The excerpts high-light the exonerating and antipsychological corollaries of the situational view and its emphasis on victim-related variables. This deterministic scenario (violence situation) is contrasted with an interpersonal emphasis (violence transaction) and an offender-centered perspective (violence opportunity). In contrast to the latter's emphasis on aggressor motivation, situational determinism implies the generic motivation ("normalcy") of aggression. As a corollary, the view rejects the possibility of introducing deescalating options into evolving violence transactions.