Citation

Weathersbee PS, Lodge JR. Postgrad. Med. 1979; 66(3): 165-7, 170-1.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1979, Vendome Group)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

471848

Abstract

Use of alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine during pregnancy can have serious consequences for the fetus, such as low birth weight, congenital anomalies, or even death. Recent epidemiologic and animal studies indicate that these drugs may exert their effect by a number of metabolic and endocrine mechanisms, which are described here.

Language: en