Citation

Gawryszewski VP, Monteiro MG. Addiction 2014; 109(4): 570-577.

Affiliation

Health Analysis and Information Unit, Communicable Diseases and Health Analysis Department, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2014, John Wiley and Sons)

DOI

10.1111/add.12418

PMID

24417789

Abstract

AIMS: To describe mortality from diseases, conditions and injuries where alcohol was a necessary cause in selected countries in the Americas. DESIGN: A descriptive, population-based study. SETTING: The data come from 16 countries in North, Central and South America for the triennium 2007-09 (latest available data). PARTICIPANTS/CASES: A total of 238 367 deaths were analyzed. MEASUREMENTS: We calculated age-adjusted and age-specific mortality rates by sex and country using the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) mortality database.

FINDINGS: The annual average of deaths where alcohol was a necessary cause in the 16 countries was 79 456 (men comprised 86% and women 14%). People aged 40-59 years represented 55% overall. Most deaths were due to liver diseases (63% overall) and neuropsychiatric disorders (32% overall). Overall age-adjusted rates/100 000 were higher in El Salvador (27.4), Guatemala (22.3), Nicaragua (21.3) and Mexico (17.8) and lower in Colombia (1.8), Argentina (4.0) and Canada (5.7). The age groups at the highest risk were 54-59 to 64-69 years in most countries. In Guatemala, El Salvador and Nicaragua the rates increased earlier, among those aged 30-49 years. Male rates were higher than female rates in all countries, but the male : female ratio varied widely.

CONCLUSIONS: Diseases, conditions or injuries where alcohol is a necessary cause are an important cause of premature mortality in the Americas, especially among men. Some countries show high risk of dying from this group of causes.

Language: en