Citation

Okamoto DN, Kondo MY, Oliveira LC, Honorato RV, Zanphorlin LM, Coronado MA, Araújo MS, da Motta G, Veronez CL, Andrade SS, Oliveira PS, Arni RK, Cintra AC, Sampaio SV, Juliano MA, Juliano L, Murakami MT, Gouvea IE. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2014; 1844(3): 545-552.

Affiliation

Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: iurig@yahoo.com.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2014, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.12.014

PMID

24373874

Abstract

Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) belonging to P-I class are able to hydrolyze extracellular matrix proteins and coagulation factors triggering local and systemic reactions by multiple molecular mechanisms that are not fully understood. BmooMPα-I, a P-I class SMVP from Bothrops moojeni venom, was active upon neuro- and vaso-active peptides including Angiotensin I, Bradykinin, Neurotensin, Oxytocin and Substance P. Interestingly, BmooMPα-I showed a strong bias towards hydrolysis after proline residues, which is unusual for most of characterized peptidases. Moreover, the enzyme showed kininogenase activity similar to that observed in plasma and cells by kallikrein. FRET peptide assays indicated a relative promiscuity at its S2-S'2 subsites, with proline determining the scissile bond. This unusual post-proline cleaving activity was confirmed by the efficiently hydrolysis of the synthetic combinatorial library MCA-GXXPXXQ-EDDnp, described as resistant for canonical peptidases, only after Pro residues. Structural analysis of the tripeptide LPL complexed with BmooMPα-I, generated by molecular dynamics simulations, assisted in defining the subsites and provided the structural basis for subsite preferences such as the restriction of basic residues at the S2 subsite due to repulsive electrostatic effects and the steric impediment for large aliphatic or aromatic side chains at the S1 subsite. These new functional and structural findings provided a further understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing the physiological effects of this important class of enzymes in envenomation process.

Language: en