Citation

Dukes RL, Martinez RO, Stein JA. Youth Soc. 1997; 29(2): 139-165.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1997, SAGE Publishing)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Explanations of gang membership were studied in a population of 11,000 secondary school students. Lower self-esteem, perceived academic ability, psychosocial health, and bonds with institutions appeared to precede gang membership (selection model). Greater drug use, greater delinquency, greater fear of harm, and being armed were precursors and consequences of gang membership (facilitation and selection models). "Wannabes" were partway between nonmembers and members. Findings were consistent with gang membership as a result of lack of social integration. (Abstract Adapted from Source: Youth and Society, 1997. Copyright © 1997 by SAGE Publications)

Gang Causes
Gang Effects
Juvenile Gang
Psychosocial Factors
Psychological Factors
Juvenile Self-Esteem
School Achievement
Self Perceptions
Juvenile Delinquency
Juvenile Offender
Delinquency Effects
Juvenile Substance Use
Drug Use Effects
Alcohol Use Effects
Substance Use Effects
10-99