Citation

Osorio MB, Kurowski BG, Beebe D, Taylor HG, Brown TM, Kirkwood MW, Wade SL. PM R 2013; 5(7): 554-562.

Affiliation

Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital, PO Box 5371, M/S W-6847, Seattle, WA 98145-5005(⁎). Electronic address: marisa.osorio@seattlechildrens.org.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2013, American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Publisher Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.pmrj.2012.11.006

PMID

23375631

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between severity of injury and self-reports and parent reports of daytime somnolence in adolescents after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to determine the relationship between daytime somnolence and self-report and parent report of executive functioning in daily life. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study conducted within the first 6 months (mean ± standard deviation 14.97 ± 7.51 weeks) after injury. Partial correlation controlling for injury severity was used to examine the associations of TBI severity with daytime somnolence and the association of daytime somnolence with executive functioning. SETTING: Outpatient visits at 3 children's hospitals and 2 general hospitals with pediatric trauma commitment. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 102 adolescents, 12-18 years old, who sustained moderate-to-severe TBI (n = 60) or complicated mild TBI (n = 42). MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Parent-report Sleepiness Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (youth report), Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) (self-report and maternal report). RESULTS: Adolescents who sustained moderate-to-severe TBI had increased daytime somnolence compared with those with complicated mild injuries in the parent report but not in the youth report. Based on the parent report, 51% of adolescents with moderate-to-severe TBI showed significant daytime somnolence compared with 22% of those with complicated mild TBI. The parent report of daytime somnolence was associated with executive dysfunction on both the BRIEF self-report and parent report; however, the youth report of daytime somnolence was associated only with the BRIEF self-report. CONCLUSIONS: The parent report of daytime somnolence correlated with TBI severity and predicted executive functioning difficulties of the teens in everyday circumstances. Although a correlation between daytime somnolence and executive dysfunction were also apparent on self-report, this did not differ based on injury severity. Teens tended to report fewer difficulties with executive function, which suggests that the teens have decreased awareness of their impairments.

Language: en