Citation

Boyer L. Toxicon 2013; 69: 14-20.

Affiliation

Department of Pathology, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 6131, PO Box 24502, Tucson, Arizona 85724-5029. Electronic address: boyer@pharmacy.arizona.edu.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2013, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.12.015

PMID

23353081

Abstract

This paper was originally presented as the Elsevier Lecture in July, 2012 at the International Society on Toxinology/ Venom Week combined meeting in Honolulu, Hawaii. In it, the author addresses the ancient history of venom and immunity, from the Silurian Era to the 1890s; the development of the first antivenoms; the impact of shifting political and economic pressures; the special case of Arizona; the relative stability of the 1960s through 1990s; the transition to regulatory compliance that took place at the time of the author's own research; and concluding thoughts regarding the instability of apparent success.

Language: en