Citation

Lommen MJ, Engelhard IM, Sijbrandij M, van den Hout MA, Hermans D. Behav. Res. Ther. 2012; 51(2): 63-67.

Affiliation

Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, PO Box 80140, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: M.J.J.Lommen@uu.nl.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2012, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.brat.2012.11.004

PMID

23261706

Abstract

In the aftermath of a traumatic event, many people suffer from psychological distress, but only a minority develops posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Pre-trauma individual differences in fear conditioning, most notably reduced extinction learning, have been proposed as playing an important role in the etiology of PTSD. However, prospective data are lacking. In this study, we prospectively tested whether reduced extinction was a predictor for later posttraumatic stress. Dutch soldiers (N = 249) were administered a conditioning task before their four-month deployment to Afghanistan to asses individual differences in extinction learning. After returning home, posttraumatic stress was measured. Results showed that reduced extinction learning before deployment predicted subsequent PTSD symptom severity, over and beyond degree of pre-deployment stress symptoms, neuroticism, and exposure to stressors on deployment. The findings suggest that reduced extinction learning may play a role in the development of PTSD.

Language: en