Citation

Fahey NS, Tsuji LJ. J. Environ. Monit. 2006; 8(12): 1190-1194.

Affiliation

University of Waterloo, Department of Environment and Resource Studies, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. nfahey@stormcoalition.org

Copyright

(Copyright © 2006, Royal Society of Chemistry)

DOI

10.1039/b612603k

PMID

17133275

Abstract

In 1997, the Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS) approved bismuth shotshell as an alternative to lead. We assessed whether there is a need to re-examine the toxicity of bismuth issue using the initial CWS toxicity guideline criteria. Review of the literature suggests that in the context of the precautionary principle, a re-examination of the approval of bismuth shotshell should be undertaken based on animal health issues, associated deficiencies in the analytical data used in the original assessment, and to a lesser extent, human health concerns.

Language: en