Citation

Kallie CS, Schrater PR, Legge GE. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 2007; 33(1): 183-200.

Affiliation

Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. kallie@umn.edu

Copyright

(Copyright © 2007, American Psychological Association)

DOI

10.1037/0096-1523.33.1.183

PMID

17311487

PMCID

PMC2259118

Abstract

Walking without vision results in veering, an inability to maintain a straight path that has important consequences for blind pedestrians. In this study, the authors addressed whether the source of veering in the absence of visual and auditory feedback is better attributed to errors in perceptual encoding or undetected motor error. Three experiments had the following results: No significant differences in the shapes of veering trajectories were found between blind and blindfolded participants; accuracy in detecting curved walking paths was not correlated with simple measures of veering behavior; and explicit perceptual cues to initial walking direction did not reduce veering. The authors present a model that accounts for the major characteristics of participants' veering behavior by postulating 3 independent sources of undetected motor error: initial orientation, consistent biases in step direction, and, most important, variable error in individual steps.

Language: en