Citation

McCall-Hosenfeld JS, Weisman CS, Camacho F, Hillemeier MM, Chuang CH. Womens Health Issues 2012; 22(3): e243-51.

Affiliation

Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2012, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.whi.2011.11.005

PMID

22269668

PMCID

PMC3345071

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We investigated the impact of individual- and county-level contextual variables on women's receipt of a comprehensive panel of preventive services in a region that includes both urban and rural communities. METHODS: Outcome variables were a screening and vaccination index (a count of Papanicolaou test, blood pressure check, lipid panel, sexually transmitted infections [STI] or HIV test, and influenza vaccination received in the past 2 years) and a preventivecounseling index (a count of topics discussed in the past 2 years: Smoking and tobacco, alcohol or drugs, violence and safety, pregnancy planning or contraception, diet/nutrition, and STIs). Contextual covariates from the Area Resource File (2004-2005) were appended to prospective survey data from the Central Pennsylvania Women's Health Study. Individual-level variables included predisposing, enabling, and need-based measures. Contextual variables included community characteristics and healthcare resources, including a measure of primary care physician (PCP) density specifically designed for this study of women's preventive care. Multilevel analyses were performed. RESULTS: We found low overall use of preventive services. In multilevel models, individual-level factors predicted receipt of both screening and vaccinations and counseling services; significant predictors differed for each index. One contextual variable (PCP density) predicted receipt of screenings and vaccinations. CONCLUSIONS: Women's receipt of preventive services was determined primarily by individual-level variables. Different variables predicted receipt of screening and vaccination versus counseling services. A contextual measure, PCP density, predicted receipt of preventive screenings and vaccinations. Individual variability in women's receipt of counseling services is largely explained by psychosocial factors and seeing an obstetrician-gynecologist.

Language: en