Citation

Mills NJ, Gilchrist A. Accid. Anal. Prev. 1991; 23(2-3): 153-163.

Affiliation

School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, England.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1991, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

2029316

Abstract

The optimisation of the foam used for shock absorption in bicycle and motorcycle helmets is considered. It is shown that for the former, the ideal foam yield stress for impact with a rigid protruding object is higher than that for impact with a deformable flat object. Therefore, the design must be a compromise. For motorcycle helmets the shell stiffness is higher and the force to cause shell buckling plays a significant part in the response. Lower density foams can be used only if the impact test standards are rewritten with less emphasis on impacts with convex and pointed objects.