Citation

Rajkumar AP, Mohan TSP, Tharyan P. Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry 2013; 59(2): 123-129.

Affiliation

Department of Psychiatry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2013, SAGE Publishing)

DOI

10.1177/0020764011423468

PMID

21997766

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The nosological validity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains controversial in non-Western communities. After natural disasters, epidemiological studies often overlook these conceptual debates and assess post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) by short screening instruments. Such PTSS estimates are reported as inflated prevalence rates of PTSD in post-disaster settings. AIMS: To discuss the prevalence and determinants of PTSS within the context of pertinent epidemiological and nosological debates. METHODS: We assessed PTSS and grief symptoms of 643 survivors from five Indian villages struck by the Asian tsunami using the Impact of Events Scale - Revised and Complicated Grief Assessment Scale. We adopted a case control design and employed complex sample multiple logistic regression statistics to study the determinants of PTSS. RESULTS: The prevalence of PTSS was 15.1% (95% CI 12.3%-17.9%). PTSS was significantly associated with traumatic grief, female gender, physical injury, death of children and financial losses, but not with functional disability (p = .91). CONCLUSIONS: Although PTSS were common in this population, elevating them to a psychiatric construct of PTSD is questionable, when functional impairment and avoidance behaviours were absent. Grief reactions, socio-economic burden, and poor support systems contribute towards PTSS. We highlight the important issues regarding the nosological validity and epidemiology of PTSD in non-Western communities.

Language: en