Citation

Jacques S, Wright R. Criminology 2008; 46(1): 221-254.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2008, American Society of Criminology)

DOI

10.1111/j.1745-9125.2008.00102.x

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Goldstein's (1985) concept of systemic violence has contributed substantially to criminological thought and research, but its power can be enhanced by connecting it to a broader typology of social life: the resource exchange—social control typology. That typology connects systemic violence logically with two important yet neglected forms of drug market behavior: peaceful resource exchange and peaceful social control. This article, which is based on 50 in-depth interviews with individuals involved actively or recently in drug selling, describes the various forms of violent and nonviolent resource exchange and social control in illicit drug markets, stating them in quantitative terms that are conceptually distinct and empirically observable. We conclude by discussing 1) the implications of peaceful behavior for a fuller understanding of violence and 2) the relevance of the resource exchange-social control typology to criminological theory and research.