Citation

van Oorsouw WM, Israel ML, von Heyn RE, Duker PC. Res. Dev. Disabil. 2008; 29(6): 513-523.

Affiliation

Pluryn Werkenrode Groep (Winckelsteegh) and Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. W.vanoorsouw@pwo.ru.nl

Copyright

(Copyright © 2008, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.ridd.2007.08.005

PMID

17945467

Abstract

In this study, the side effects of contingent shock (CS) treatment were addressed with a group of nine individuals, who showed severe forms of self-injurious behavior (SIB) and aggressive behavior. Side effects were assigned to one of the following four behavior categories; (a) positive verbal and nonverbal utterances, (b) negative verbal and nonverbal utterances, (c) socially appropriate behaviors, and (d) time off work. When treatment was compared to baseline measures, results showed that with all behavior categories, individuals either significantly improved, or did not show any change. Negative side effects failed to be found in this study.

Language: en