Citation

Lickel B, Miller N, Stenstrom DM, Denson TF, Schmader T. Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev. 2006; 10(4): 372-390.

Affiliation

Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. lickel@usc.edu

Copyright

(Copyright © 2006, SAGE Publishing)

DOI

10.1207/s15327957pspr1004_6

PMID

17201594

Abstract

We provide a new framework for understanding 1 aspect of aggressive conflict between groups, which we refer to as vicarious retribution. Vicarious retribution occurs when a member of a group commits an act of aggression toward the members of an outgroup for an assault or provocation that had no personal consequences for him or her but which did harm a fellow ingroup member. Furthermore, retribution is often directed at outgroup members who, themselves, were not the direct causal agents in the original attack against the person's ingroup. Thus, retribution is vicarious in that neither the agent of retaliation nor the target of retribution were directly involved in the original event that precipitated the intergroup conflict. We describe how ingroup identification, outgroup entitativity, and other variables, such as group power, influence vicarious retribution. We conclude by considering a variety of conflict reduction strategies in light of this new theoretical framework.

Language: en