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Citation |
Bessner D, Stauch M. Terrorism Polit. Violence 2010; 22(2): 143-176. |
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Copyright |
(Copyright © 2010, Informa - Taylor and Francis Group) |
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DOI |
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PMID |
unavailable |
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Abstract |
Scholars have long recognized the importance of Karl Heinzen's Mord und Freiheit in the history of terrorist thought. Yet the translation most scholars have relied on -- 1881s Murder and Liberty -- is incomplete. Our new translation reveals four elements omitted from the 1881 translation. First, Heinzen conceived of terrorism as a transnational phenomenon. Second, he provided a material justification for terrorist tactics. Third, Heinzen viewed terrorism as both a tool to impel human society to progress and as a “progressive” tool of violence. Finally, he argued in favor of the primary modern tactic of terrorism—the indiscriminate bombing of civilians. |