Citation

Goodnight JA, Bates JE, Newman JP, Dodge KA, Pettit GS. J. Abnorm. Child Psychol. 2006; 34(5): 573-583.

Affiliation

Department of Psychology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA. jgoodnig@indiana.edu

Copyright

(Copyright © 2006, Holtzbrinck Springer Nature Publishing Group)

DOI

10.1007/s10802-006-9036-9

PMID

16823636

PMCID

PMC2753447

Abstract

This study investigated the interactive effects of friend deviance and reward dominance on the development of externalizing behavior of adolescents in the Child Development Project. Reward dominance was assessed at age 16 by performance on a computer-presented card-playing game in which participants had the choice of either continuing or discontinuing the game as the likelihood of reward decreased and the likelihood of punishment increased. At ages 14 and 16, friend deviance and externalizing behavior were assessed through self-report. As expected, based on motivational balance and response modulation theories, path analysis revealed that age 14 friend deviance predicted age 16 externalizing behavior controlling for age 14 externalizing behavior. Reward dominance was a significant moderator of the relationship between friend deviance and externalizing behavior. The contributions of deviant friends to the development of externalizing behavior were enhanced by adolescents' reward dominance.

Language: en