Citation

Morin E. Ind. Environ. Crisis Q. 1993; 7(1): 5-21.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1993, Industrial Crisis Institute - Bucknell University)

DOI

10.1177/108602669300700102

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

The author argues in this article that in order to conceive of the notion of crisis and to go beyond the notions of disruption, struggle or disequilibrium, one must conceive of a society or an organization as systems that can experience crises. This implies that one must posits three levels of existence for these systems: the systemic level, the cybernetic level, and the negentropic level. After this discussion, several components of the concept of crisis are described and the need for a grounded theory in 'crisiology' is affirmed.