Citation

Esber LA, El-Fadel M. Sci. Total Environ. 2008; 394(1): 75-89.

Affiliation

School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, UK.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2008, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.01.034

PMID

18294677

Abstract

In this study a mass balance modeling approach with measured out-vehicle carbon monoxide (CO) levels and trip-specific movement record as boundary conditions were used to simulate in-vehicle CO concentration profiles. The simulation results were coupled with field measurements to demonstrate the occurrence of CO ingression into the vehicle compartment from the engine combustion and/or exhaust return of the test vehicle. Agreement between field and simulation results was obtained for variable amounts of infiltrated CO equivalent to an in-vehicle emission rate of 250 to 1250 mg/h of CO depending on the vehicle ventilation settings.

Language: en