New This
Week
in theResource Library
June 5-9, 2000
and
May 27 - June 2, 2000
(1) Frisbee SJ, Hennes H. Adult worn child carriers: A potential risk for
injury. Injury Prevention 2000; 6:56-58. (E.55.10 S)
Abstract: This paper examines and describes injuries associated with adult
worn child carriers by reviewing available data from CPSC. Injuries associated
with such carriers appear to come from three general sources: product
appropriateness and design; product condition; and product use. The authors
recommend that health care providers counsel parents in the safe use of these
products.
(2) American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Injury and Poison Prevention. Reducing the number of deaths and injuries from
residential fires. Pediatrics 2000; 105(6):1355-1357. (E.55.08 S)
Abstract: This statement reviews important prevention messages and
intervention strategies related to residential fires. It also includes
recommendations for pediatricians regarding office anticipatory guidance, work
in the community, and support of regulation and legislation that could result
in a decrease in the number of fire related injuries and deaths to children.
(3) American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Injury and Poison
Prevnention. All terrain vehicle injury prevention: Two-, three-, and
four-wheeled unlicensed motor vehicles. Pediatrics 2000; 105(6):1352-1354.
(E.60.02 S)
Abstract: This statement describes the various kinds of motorized cycles
and ATVs and outlines the epidemiologic characteristics of deaths and injuries
related to their use by children in light of the 1987 consent decrees entered
into by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission and the manufacturers of
ATVs. Recommendations are made for public, patient, and parent education by
pediatricians; equipment modifications; the use of safety equipment; and the
development and improvement of safer off-road trails and responsive emergency
medical systems. In addition, the AAP strengthens its recommendation for
passage of legislation in all states prohibiting the use of 2 and 4 wheeled
off-road vehicles by children younger than 16 years, as well as a ban on the
sale of new and used 3 wheeled ATVs, with a recall of all used 3 wheeled ATVs.
(4) American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Pediatric Research.
Race/ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status - Research exploring their effects
on child health: A subject review. Pediatrics 2000; 105(6):1349-1351. (E.40.08
S)
Abstract: Data on research participants and populations frequently include
race, ethnicity, and gender as categorical variables, with the assumption that
these variables exert their effects through innate or genetically determined
biologic mechanisms. There is a growing body of research that suggests,
however, that these varibles have strong social dimensions that influence
health. Socioeconomic status interacts with and confounds analyses of
race/ethnicity and gender. The Academy recommends that research studies include
race/ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status as explanatory variables only
when data relevant to the underlying social mechanisms have been collected and
included in the analysis.
(5) American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Radiology. Diagnostic imaging
of child abuse. Pediatrics 2000; 105(6):1345-1348. (E.80.02.04 S)
Abstract: The role of imaging in cases of child abuse is to identify the
extent of physical injury when abuse occurs, as well as to elucidate all
imaging findings that point to alternative diagnoses. Diagnostic imaging of
child abuse is based on both advances in imaging technology, as well as a
better understanding of the subject based on scientific data obtained during
the past 10 years. The initial recommendation was published in Pediatrics,
1991; 87: 262-264.
(6) Winston FK, Durbin DR, Kallan MJ, Moll EK. The danger of premature
graduation to seat belts for young children. Pediatrics 2000; 105(6):1179-1183.
(E.80.06 S)
Abstract: This study was intended to quantify the nature and risk of
significant injury associated with premature graduation to seat belts in
preschool aged children. Amond children studied, 98% were restrained, but
nearly 40% of these children were restrained in seat belts, rather than child
safety seats. Results showed that, compared with children in child safety
seats, children in seat belts were more likely to suffer a significant injury.
Children in seat belts were at particular risk of significant head injury.
(7) Arsenault L, Tremblay RE, Boulerice B, Seguin JR, Saucier JF. Minor
physical anomalies and family adversity as risk factors for violent delinquency
in adolescence. American Journal of Psychiatry 2000; 157(6):917-923. (E.52.02
S)
Abstract: Minor physical anomalies are considered indicators of disruption
in fetal development. They have been found to predict behavioral problems and
psychiatric disorders. This study examined the extent to which minor physical
anomalies, family adversity, and their interaction predict violent and
nonviolent delinquency in adolescence. Adolescent boys with higher counts of
anomalies, and especially with anomalies of the mouth, were found to be most at
risk for violent delinquency. Various explanations for these findings are
discussed.
(8) Family Health Outcomes Project, University of California, San Francisco
and California Center for Childhood Injury Prevention. Childhood Injury
Prevention: Moving from Data to Interventions to Evaluations. Training held May
10, 2000 Sacramento, CA. (E.19.04 B)
Abstract: This binder contains materials from the Family Health Outcomes Project
training sessions conducted in Sacramento, CA on May 10, 2000. Subjects covered
include: Key elements of injury surveillance; Interpreting and presenting
injury data; California Children and Youth Injury Hot Spots Study; and Data to
program development to evaluation. Also included are tables listing injury
episodes by county, 1995-1997.
(9) Mbamalu D, Banerjee A, Shankar A, Grant D. Air bag associated fatal
intra-abdominal injury. Injury: The International Journal of the Care of the
Injured 2000; 31:121-122. (52.02.04 S)
Abstract: This brief report describes a case of fatality associated with
air bag deployment. The victim was a 79 year old female, 5 feet 4 inches in
height, who was not wearing a seat belt at the time of the crash.
(10) Rivara FP, Koepsell TD, Grossman DC, Mock C. Effectiveness of automatic
shoulder belt systems in motor vehicle crashes. Journal of the American Medical
Association 2000; 283(21):2826-2828. (E.52.02.02 S)
Abstract: This study examined the effectiveness of automatic shoulder belts
when used with and without a manual lap belt. The results indicate that
improperly used automatic restraint systems may be less effective than properly
used systems and are associated with an increased risk of serious chest and
abdominal injuries. Given the continued widespread use of these automatic
systems, educational programs may be warranted.
(11) Skiba RJ, Peterson RL. School discipline at a crossroads: From zero
tolerance to early response. Exceptional Children 2000; 66(3):335-346. (E.68.02
S)
Abstract: There is little evidence that zero tolerance procedures have increased
school safety or improved student behavior. A preventive, early response
disciplinary model increases the range of effective options for addressing
violence and disruption across both general and special education.
(12) Sprague J, Walker H. Early identification and intervention for youth
with antisocial and violent behavior. Exceptional Children 2000; 66(3):367-379.
(E.68.02 S)
Abstract: This article addresses the growing problem of antisocial behavior
in schools and its impact on safety, effectiveness, and ecology. It also
describes the factors leading to the development of antisocial behavior.
(13) Barras B, Lyman SA. Silence of the lambs: How can we get students to
report pending violence? Education 2000; 120(3):495-502. (E.68.02 S)
Abstract: This article reviews a number of the most recent school violence
episodes. Some suggestions are made of how school administrators can encourage
students to report threatened violence.
(14) Dwyer KP, Osher D, Hoffman CC. Creating responsive schools: Conceptualizing
early warning, timely response. Exceptional Children 2000; 66(3):347-365.
(E.68.02 S)
Abstract: "Early Warning, Timely Response: A Guide to Safe
Schools" is discussed. It asserts that schools can prevent violence and
its preceding behaviors by providing a supportive schoolwide climate and
responding to at-risk students' academic and behavioral problems.
(15) Hathaway J, Silverman J, Aynalem G, Mucci L, Brooks D, and Intimate
Violence Prevention Team DoVPNC. Use of medical care, police assistance, and restraining
orders by women reporting intimate partner violence - Massachusetts, 1996-1997.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2000; 49(22):485-488. (E.82.02 S)
Abstract: The Woman Abuse Tracking in Clinics and Hospitals
(WATCH) Project at the Massachusetts Department of Public Health analyzed data
from the 1996 and 1997 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in
Massachusetts to: estimate the percentage of women aged 18-59 years
experiencing intimate partner violence who used medical care, police
assistance, and restraining orders during the preceding 5 years; determine
where women experiencing IPV went for medical care; and examine the overlap in
use of these three services. This report describes the results of these
analyses, which indicate that a higher percentage of women use police
assistance rather than obtain a restraining order or seek medical care.
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