TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2009//
TI  - Enhancement drugs and the athlete
JO  - Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America
A1  - Botrè, Francesco
A1  - Pavan, Antonio
SP  - 133
EP  - 148
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
N2  - This article considers the health risks associated with the abuse of performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) in sport. After an overview on the evolution of doping substances and methods and on the current international organization of the antidoping tests, the potential risks correlated with abuse of PEDs are presented. Specific problems of drug associations, designer steroids, and nutritional supplements also are discussed. Data from randomized clinical trials may not be sufficient to identify the complete range of adverse effects possible with abuse of PEDs; more specific studies are necessary to assess their actual toxic potential.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1047-9651
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2008.10.010
ID  - ref1
ER  -