TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2008//
TI  - Longitudinal course and outcome of personality disorders
JO  - Psychiatric clinics of North America
A1  - Skodol, Andrew E.
SP  - 495
EP  - 503, viii
VL  - 31
IS  - 3
N2  - The notion of personality disorders (PDs) as stable disorders has persisted despite traditional follow-up studies showing that fewer than 50% of patients diagnosed with PDs retained these diagnoses over time. Because these studies had methodological limitations, four more rigorous large-scale studies of the naturalistic course of PDs have been conducted. The results indicate (1) personality psychopathology improves over time at unexpectedly significant rates; (2) maladaptive personality traits are more stable than PD diagnoses; (3) although personality psychopathology improves, residual effects can be seen in the form of persistent functional impairment, continuing behavioral problems, reduced future quality of life, and ongoing Axis I psychopathology; (4) improvement in personality psychopathology may eventually be associated with reduction in ongoing personal and social burden.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0193-953X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2008.03.010
ID  - ref1
ER  -