TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2008//
TI  - Equine-related facial fractures
JO  - International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery
A1  - Lee, K. H.
A1  - Steenberg, L. J.
SP  - 999
EP  - 1002
VL  - 37
IS  - 11
N2  - Horseback riding is a common recreational activity that can cause injuries to both mounted and dismounted participants. This study examines the patterns of equine-related maxillofacial fractures presenting in a tertiary referral centre. Patients presenting over an 11-year period from 1996 to 2006 with equine-related maxillofacial fractures were identified through the trauma database. The extent of the injuries, surgical treatment and follow-up details were documented. 45 patients were identified, with an increasing incidence over the study period. 69% were male and 31% female. 31% of patients were 16-30 years of age. 73% of fractures were in the midfacial region. 67% of patients were actively treated, with 60% of these patients requiring internal fixation. 64% of patients were hospitalized. Equine-related maxillofacial fractures frequently involve a young and predominantly female population, compared with facial fractures due to other causes. Midfacial fractures were the most common site of injury. Alcohol was rarely implicated. A high proportion of patients required surgery and hospitalization.  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0901-5027
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2008.05.009
ID  - ref1
ER  -