TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2015//
TI  - The over-under on the misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder: A systematic review
JO  - Current psychiatry reviews
A1  - Rakofsky, J.J.
A1  - Dunlop, B.W.
SP  - 222
EP  - 234
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
N2  - The misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder is widely prevalent as evidenced by patient surveys, administrative claims data and studies measuring clinicians' diagnostic accuracy. The consequences of a missed or incorrect bipolar disorder diagnosis can have serious short and long-term repercussions for a patient. In this review, a systematic analysis was conducted of over-diagnosis and under-diagnosis rates calculated from all adult bipolar studies comparing patient reported diagnoses with diagnoses resulting from DSM-IV based structured assessments/checklists. Five of the 368 publications were selected using OVID medline and demonstrated under-diagnosis rates of 30-51% and over-diagnosis rates of 12-13%. These results contrast with earlier publications suggesting over-diagnosis of bipolar disorder occurred more frequently than under-diagnosis. An in-depth discussion of the various mechanisms contributing to the over and under-diagnosis of bipolar disorder are provided. These include limitations in the design of structured research interviews, racial bias, and patients' memory impairment, to name a few. In this manuscript the authors also provide recommendations to improve the diagnosis of bipolar disorder and discuss the implications of bipolar spectrum research on the diagnostic process. © 2015 Bentham Science Publishers.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1573-4005
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573400512666151117211523
ID  - ref1
ER  -