TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2021//
TI  - Association between post-traumatic stress disorder and hypertension in Congolese exposed to violence: a case-control study
JO  - Journal of hypertension
A1  - Bapolisi, Achille
A1  - Maurage, Pierre
A1  - Pappaccogli, Marco
A1  - Georges, Coralie M. G.
A1  - Petit, Géraldine
A1  - Balola, Mitterrand
A1  - Cikomola, Cirhuza
A1  - Bisimwa, Ghislain
A1  - Burnier, Michel
A1  - Persu, Alexandre
A1  - de Timary, Philippe
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - BACKGROUND: Numerous risk factors have been involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The contribution of psychological factors, including post-traumatic stress disorder, remains largely underexplored, despite their potential role in hypertension. <br><br>OBJECTIVES: We compared the prevalence of trauma, post-traumatic stress and other psychological disorders between hypertensive and normotensive patients from Bukavu (Democratic Republic of Congo), a 25-year war-exposed city. <br><br>METHODS AND MEASURES: In this case-control study, we assessed past traumatic events with the Stressful-Events-Scale, post-traumatic stress disorder through the post-traumatic diagnostic scale, depression and alcohol use disorder through the MINI-International-Neuropsychiatric-Interview, and emotion regulation through the Emotion-Regulation-Questionnaire in 106 hypertensive and 106 normotensive patients, enrolled at the Bukavu General Hospital. <br><br>RESULTS: Compared with normotensive controls (73% women, age: 43 ± 14 years, BP: 121 ± 10/75 ± 8 mmHg), hypertensive patients (57% women, age: 42 ± 13 years, BP: 141 ± 12/82 ± 7 mmHg, on a median of two antihypertensive drugs) were exposed to more man-made traumas (61 vs. 13%, P < 0.001), used more expressive suppression (P = 0.05) and less cognitive reappraisal (P = 0.02) as emotional regulation strategies. They developed more frequent post-traumatic stress disorder (36 vs. 7%, P < 0.001) and major depressive disorder (37 vs. 13%, P = 0.001), often in association with alcohol use disorder (23 vs. 4%, P < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression, post-traumatic stress disorder [OR = 3.52 (1.23-6.54)], man-made trauma [OR = 2.24 (1.15-4.12)], family history of hypertension [OR = 2.24 (1.06-4.44)], fasting blood glucose [OR = 1.85 (1.07-3.08)], BMI [OR = 1.28 (1.12-2.92)], expressive suppression [OR = 1.23 (1.11-2.23)] and cognitive reappraisal [OR = 0.76 (0.63-0.98)] were independent predictors of hypertension. <br><br>CONCLUSION: In Congolese populations exposed to war, man-made trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder appear to be more tightly related to hypertension than classical hypertension risk factors.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0263-6352
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003061
ID  - ref1
ER  -