TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2021//
TI  - Unique and interactive associations of proactive and reactive aggression with cortisol secretion
JO  - Hormones and behavior
A1  - Paré-Ruel, Marie-Pier
A1  - Brendgen, Mara
A1  - Ouellet-Morin, Isabelle
A1  - Lupien, Sonia
A1  - Vitaro, Frank
A1  - Dionne, Ginette
A1  - Boivin, Michel
SP  - e105100
EP  - e105100
VL  - 137
IS  - 
N2  - The association between aggressive behaviors and diurnal cortisol levels has been debated over the past two decades, as some studies found a negative link between the two, whereas others reported no or a positive association. One possible explanation for these contradictory results is that past studies failed to distinguish between proactive (PROA) and reactive (REA) aggression. The present study examined the unique and joint associations of PROA and REA with three diurnal cortisol indicators: awakening levels, awakening response, and diurnal change. Participants were 542 youths (55.4% girls) followed longitudinally. Teachers evaluated aggressive behaviors when participants were in Grades 4 and 6. In Grade 8, participants provided four saliva samples (i.e., awakening, 30 min thereafter, late afternoon, and bedtime) on four collection days. Controlling for several confounders, multilevel regression analyses revealed an inverse relation between PROA and the CAR in boys who displayed lower or moderate levels of REA, but not in those who exhibited higher levels of REA. No associations emerged with other cortisol indicators. These results are consistent with reports of lower physiological activity in individuals with PROA and underscore the confounding influence of REA in the association between the CAR and proactive aggression.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0018-506X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2021.105100
ID  - ref1
ER  -