TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2003//
TI  - Stable hopelessness and its predictors in a general population: a 2-year follow-up study
JO  - Suicide and life-threatening behavior
A1  - Viinamaki, Heimo
A1  - Antikainen, Risto
A1  - Hintikka, Jukka
A1  - Koivumaa-Honkanen, Heli
A1  - Honkalampi, Kirsi
A1  - Kylma, Jari
A1  - Tanskanen, Antti
A1  - Haatainen, Kaisa M.
SP  - 373
EP  - 380
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
N2  - Information on hopelessness at the population level is limited, and no previous studies have focused on its stability in a general population. We examined the stability and associated factors of hopelessness in a general population sample of 1,389 adults. More than half of those who were hopeless at baseline remained hopeless on follow-up. When those with a mental disorder were excluded, the relative risk for stable hopelessness in unemployed men was 7.2 (95% CI 2.6-19.9), in men with a poor financial situation it was 3.5 (95% CI 1.3-9.3), and in women with a poor financial situation it was 3.8 (95% CI 1.5-9.4). Awareness of the stability of hopelessness offers us newpossibilities in preventative and mental health work.
LA  - 
SN  - 0363-0234
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -