TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2020//
TI  - Risk of COVID-19-related bullying, harassment and stigma among healthcare workers: an analytical cross-sectional global study
JO  - BMJ open
A1  - Dye, Timothy D.
A1  - Alcantara, Lisette
A1  - Siddiqi, Shazia
A1  - Barbosu, Monica
A1  - Sharma, Saloni
A1  - Panko, Tiffany
A1  - Pressman, Eva
SP  - e046620
EP  - e046620
VL  - 10
IS  - 12
N2  - OBJECTIVES: Essential healthcare workers (HCW) uniquely serve as both COVID-19 healers and, potentially, as carriers of SARS-CoV-2. We assessed COVID-19-related  stigma and bullying against HCW controlling for social, psychological, medical and  community variables. <br><br>DESIGN: We nested an analytical cross-sectional study of  COVID-19-related stigma and bullying among HCW within a larger mixed-methods effort  assessing COVID-19-related lived experience and impact. Adjusted OR (aOR) and 95%  CIs evaluated the association between working in healthcare settings and experience  of COVID-19-related bullying and stigma, controlling for confounders. Thematic  qualitative analysis provided insight into lived experience of COVID-19-related  bullying. SETTING: We recruited potential participants in four languages (English,  Spanish, French, Italian) through Amazon Mechanical Turk's online workforce and  Facebook. PARTICIPANTS: Our sample included 7411 people from 173 countries who were  aged 18 years or over. <br><br>FINDINGS: HCW significantly experienced more COVID-19-related  bullying after controlling for the confounding effects of job-related, personal,  geographic and sociocultural variables (aOR: 1.5; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.0). HCW more  frequently believed that people gossip about others with COVID-19 (OR: 2.2; 95% CI  1.9 to 2.6) and that people with COVID-19 lose respect in the community (OR: 2.3;  95% CI 2.0 to 2.7), both which elevate bullying risk (OR: 2.7; 95% CI 2.3 to 3.2,  and OR: 3.5; 95% CI 2.9 to 4.2, respectively). The lived experience of  COVID-19-related bullying relates frequently to public identities as HCW traverse  through the community, intersecting with other domains (eg, police, racism,  violence). <br><br>INTERPRETATION: After controlling for a range of confounding factors, HCW  are significantly more likely to experience COVID-19-related stigma and bullying,  often in the intersectional context of racism, violence and police involvement in  community settings.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 2044-6055
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046620
ID  - ref1
ER  -