TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2020//
TI  - The granger-causality between wealth and transportation: a panel data approach
JO  - Transport policy
A1  - Yetkiner, Hakan
A1  - Beyzatlar, Mehmet Aldonat
SP  - 19
EP  - 25
VL  - 97
IS  - 
N2  - This study examines the causal relationship between wealth and transportation. The study first develops two alternating theoretical frameworks between wealth and transportation: one in which transportation is demand-driven and one in which transportation has dual role, demand-driven and supply-driving. Next, the study undertakes Granger-causality estimations for a panel of 18 countries over the period 1970-2017. It is found that the dominant Granger-causality relationship is bidirectional for majority of countries. The study also shows that there is high consistency in the Granger-causality relationship between wealth and transportation, and income and transportation. The study has three important contributions: First, the relationship between wealth and transportation is shown both theoretically and empirically. Second, transportation is shown to have dual role in an economy. Finally, it is shown that the wealth-transportation relationship and the transport-income relationship are equally robust and consistent.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0967-070X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.07.004
ID  - ref1
ER  -