TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2020//
TI  - Haemoptysis following shallow breath-hold diving in a cannabis user
JO  - BMJ case reports
A1  - Borg, Janice
A1  - Cassar, Julian
A1  - Bonello, Sarah
A1  - Fsadni, Peter
SP  - e4921
EP  - e4921
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
N2  - We report the first case of a healthy 24-year-old male with a 6-year history of regular cannabis use, who presented with haemoptysis after a shallow 3 m breath-hold dive. Blood investigations showed mild neutrophilia. CT thorax revealed focal ground-glass changes in the superior segment of the lower lobe. With a suspicion of pneumonia, oral antibiotics were initiated to poor effect. Through bronchoscopic visualisation and lavage, a diagnosis of diffuse alveolar haemorrhage was established. The clinical course was benign with resolution of symptoms and changes on CT thorax within 6 weeks of stopping marijuana use. Since all other causes of haemoptysis were excluded, pathophysiology was attributed to cannabis-induced lung parenchymal damage, exacerbated by a shallow breath-hold dive. To ensure appropriate management, a clinician should therefore have a high index of suspicion for drug use and other factors known to cause chronic lung damage in whom other causes of diffuse alveolar haemorrhage are excluded.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1757-790X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-234921
ID  - ref1
ER  -