TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2020//
TI  - Persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury: deep phenotyping and treatment patterns
JO  - Cephalalgia
A1  - Ashina, Håkan
A1  - Iljazi, Afrim
A1  - Al-Khazali, Haidar Muhsen
A1  - Ashina, Sait
A1  - Jensen, Rigmor Højland
A1  - Amin, Faisal Mohammad
A1  - Ashina, Messoud
A1  - Winther Schytz, Henrik
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical characteristics and treatment patterns in persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury. <br><br>METHODS: A total of 100 individuals with persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury were enrolled between July 2018 and June 2019. Deep phenotyping was performed using a semi-structured interview while allodynia was assessed using the 12-item Allodynia Symptom Checklist. <br><br>RESULTS: In 100 subjects with persistent post-traumatic headache, the mean headache frequency was 25.4 ± 7.1 days per month. The most common headache phenotype was chronic migraine-like headache (n = 61) followed by combined episodic migraine-like and tension-type-like headache (n = 29) while nine subjects reported "pure" chronic tension-type-like headache. The most frequent trigger factors were stress, lack of sleep, and bright lights. A history of preventive medication use was reported by 63 subjects, of which 79% reported failure of at least one preventive drug, while 19% reported failure of at least four preventive drugs. Cutaneous allodynia was absent in 54% of the subjects, mild in 23%, moderate in 17%, and severe in 6%. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The headache profile of individuals with persistent post-traumatic headache most often resembled a chronic migraine-like phenotype or a combined episodic migraine-like and tension-type-like headache phenotype. Migraine-specific preventive medications were largely reported to be ineffective. Therefore, there is a pressing need for pathophysiological insights and disease-specific therapies.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0333-1024
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102420909865
ID  - ref1
ER  -