TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2020//
TI  - Evaluation of impulse attenuation by football helmets in the frequency domain
JO  - Journal of biomechanical engineering
A1  - Leiva-Molano, Nicolas
A1  - Rolley, Robert
A1  - Lee, Taylor
A1  - McIver, Kevin
A1  - Sankaran, Goutham
A1  - Meyer, Janette
A1  - Adams, Douglas E.
A1  - Breedlove, Evan L.
A1  - Talavage, Tom
A1  - Nauman, Eric A.
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - Design of helmets used in contact sports has been driven by the necessity of preventing traumatic head injuries. Manufacturing standards and pass or fail grading systems help ensure that protective headgear can be manufactured to withstand large impacts, but design standards do no account for impacts resulting in subconcussive episodes and the effects of cumulative impacts on its user. Thus, it is important to explore new design parameters, such as the frequency-domain measures of transmissibility and mechanical impedance that are based on energy absorption from a range of impact loads. Within the experimentally determined frequency range of interest, transmissibilities above unity were found in the 0-40 Hz range with the magnitude characteristics varying considerably with impact location. Similar variability with location was observed for the mechanical impedance, which ranged from 9 N/m to 50 N/m. Additional research is required to further understand how changes in the components or materials of the components will affect the performance of helmets, and how they may be used to reduce both transmissibility and dynamic impedance.    Keywords: American football <br><br>Copyright (c) 2020 by ASME.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0148-0731
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4046363
ID  - ref1
ER  -