TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - Influence of exploitation conditions on anti-skid properties of tyres
JO  - Transport
A1  - Pokorski, Janusz
A1  - Sar, Hubert
A1  - Reński, Andrzej
SP  - 415
EP  - 424
VL  - 34
IS  - 4
N2  - Tyre-to-road adhesion plays an important role when taking into account transmission of forces between tyres and road surface. It consequently influences vehicle safety. Moreover, it plays a significant role for modelling vehicle motion, which is often applied in the development of automotive active safety systems and in traffic accidents reconstruction. Furthermore, tyre-to-road adhesion properties are dependent on many factors. One of the factors is the type of tyre - summer or winter. This is the reason why it is justified to study the anti-slip properties of summer and winter tyres. This paper shows the method of measuring tyre-to-road adhesion coefficient. It is based on a skid resistance tester SRT-4 that consists of a special dynamometer trailer, towing vehicle and test-measuring equipment. It was designed to be applied in civil/road engineering and further developed. As a result, the SRT-4 system automatically obtains adhesion characteristics, such as the graph of tyre-to-road adhesion coefficient as a function of wheel slip ratio and velocity characteristics of lock-up adhesion coefficient. <br><br>RESULTS of the study present the above mentioned characteristics for different types of tyres (summer, winter) in different exploitation conditions. Differences between presented characteristics caused by tyre type and conditions of exploitation are shown. For example, for winter tyres we noticed that the peak value of adhesion coefficient was attained for higher values of slip ratio as compared with summer tyres.                                  Keyword :                                                    tyre-to-road adhesion,                                    skid resistance tester,                                    traffic safety,                                    accident reconstruction,                                    active safety systems,                                    tyre properties,                                    tyre wet grip index                                                                		  							  				  					  					How to Cite  					  					  						  							    Pokorski, J., Sar, H., & Reński, A. (2019). Influence of exploitation conditions on anti-skid properties of tyres. Transport, 34(4), 415-424. https://doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.10426    						  						  						    							More Citation Formats  								  						    						    																	  										  											ACM  										  									  																	  										  											ACS  										  									  																	  										  											APA  										  									  																	  										  											ABNT  										  									  																	  										  											Chicago  										  									  																	  										  											Harvard  										  									  																	  										  											IEEE  										  									  																	  										  											MLA  										  									  																	  										  											Turabian  										  									  																	  										  											Vancouver  										  									  														    						  					  				  				  			                	                                                                                                                                                          Published in Issue Jun 14, 2019                                                                                                                                       Abstract Views                      567                                                                                                                                                                                                     PDF Downloads                          341                                                                                                                                                            This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.                                                                           	                            References                                                                              Başlamışlı, S. Ç. 2014. Development of rational tyre models for vehicle dynamics control design and combined vehicle state/parameter estimation, International Journal of Vehicle Design 65(2/3):  144-175. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJVD.2014.060766      Besdo, D.; Heimann, B.; Klüppel, M.; Kröger, M.; Wriggers, P.; Nackenhorst, U. 2010. Elastomere Friction: Theory, Experiment and Simulation. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10657-6      Choi, J. H.; Cho, J. R.; Woo, J. S.; Kim, K. W. 2012. Numerical investigation of snow traction characteristics of 3-D patterned tire, Journal of Terramechanics 49(2): 81-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jterra.2012.01.003      Deng, Z.; Qi, Z. T.; Dong, Z.; He, P.; Han, C.; Ren, S. 2013. A road surface identification method for a four in-wheel-motor drive electric vehicle, International Journal of Biomechatronics and Biomedical Robotics 2(2/3/4): 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBBR.2013.058721      Dugoff, H.; Fancher, P. S.; Segel, L. 1970. An analysis of tire traction properties and their influence on vehicle dynamic performance, SAE Technical Paper 700377. https://doi.org/10.4271/700377      EC. 2009. Regulation (EC) No 1222/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2009 on the Labelling of Tyres with Respect to Fuel Efficiency and Other Essential Parameters. Available from Internet:  http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2009/1222/oj      Ella, S.; Formagne, P.-Y.; Koutsos, V.; Blackford; J. R. 2013. Investigation of rubber friction on snow for tyres, Tribology International 59: 292-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2012.01.017      Enisz, K.; Szalay, I.; Kohlrusz, G.; Fodor, D. 2015. Tyre-road friction coefficient estimation based on the discrete-time extended Kalman filter, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 229(9): 1158-1168. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407014556115      Farroni, F. 2016. T.R.I.C.K. - tire/road interaction characterization & knowledge - a tool for the evaluation of tire and vehicle performances in outdoor test sessions, Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 72-73: 808-831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2015.11.019      Hac, A.; Bodie, M. O. 2002. Improvements in vehicle handling through integrated control of chassis systems, International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems 1(1): 83-110. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJVAS.2002.001807      Han, I. 2017. Modelling the tyre forces for a simulation analysis of a vehicle accident reconstruction, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 231(1): 16-26. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407016630449      Heinrich, G.; Klüppel, M. 2008. Rubber friction, tread deformation and tire traction, Wear 265(7-8): 1052-1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2008.02.016      Higgins, D. D.; Marmo, B. A.; Jeffree, C. E.; Koutsos, V.; Blackford, J. R. 2008. Morphology of ice wear from rubber-ice friction tests and its dependence on temperature and sliding velocity, Wear 265(5-6): 634-644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2007.12.015     Klempau, F. 2001. Development of a friction prediction system, in 2nd International Colloquium on Vehicle Tyre Road Interaction, 23 February 2001, Florence, Italy, 1-17.     Li, Y.; Zhang, J.; Guan, X. 2012. Estimation of tyre-road friction coefficient, International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing 7(3): 285-302. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJVSMT.2012.048942      Makowski, M.; Knap, L. 2014. Reduction of wheel force variations with magnetorheological devices, Journal of Vibration and Control 20(10): 1552-1564. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077546312472916      Nam, K.; Fujimoto, H.; Hori, Y. 2015. Design of an adaptive sliding mode controller for robust yaw stabilisation of in-wheel-motor-driven electric vehicles, International Journal of Vehicle Design 67(1): 98-113. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJVD.2015.066474      Pacejka, H. 2012. Tire and Vehicle Dynamics. Butterworth-Heinemann. 672 p.     Parczewski, K.; Wnęk, H. 2015. The tyre characteristics of the physical model used to investigate the lateral stability of a vehicle, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 229(10): 1419-1426. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407014563734      Patel, N.; Edwards, C.; Spurgeon, S. K. 2008. Tyre-road friction estimation: a comparative study, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 222(12): 2337-2351. https://doi.org/10.1243/09544070JAUTO859      Persson, B. N. J. 1998. On the theory of rubber friction, Surface Science 401(3): 445-454. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00051-X      Pinnington, R. J. 2009. Rubber friction on rough and smooth surfaces, Wear 267(9-10): 1653-1664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2009.06.011      Pokorski, J.; Reński, A.; Sar, H. 2012. Investigation of adhesion characteristics of different tyre types in different weather conditions, Journal of KONES: Powertrain and Transport 19(3): 363-369. https://doi.org/10.5604/12314005.1138147      Pokorski, J.; Reński, A.; Sar, H. 2015. System for investigation of friction properties of the road surface, The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 10(2): 126-131.     Radó, Z. 1994. A Study of Road Surface Texture and Its Relationship to Friction. PhD Thesis, Pennsylvania State University, US.     Singh, K. B.; Taheri, S. 2015. Estimation of tire-road friction coefficient and its application in chassis control systems, Systems Science & Control Engineering 3(1): 39-61. https://doi.org/10.1080/21642583.2014.985804      Sjahdanulirwan, M. 1993. An analytical model for the prediction of tyre-road friction under braking and cornering, Interna-tional Journal of Vehicle Design 14(1): 78-99.     Skouvaklis, G.; Blackford, J. R.; Koutsos, V. 2012. Friction of rubber on ice: A new machine, influence of rubber properties and sliding parameters, Tribology International 49: 44-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2011.12.015      Wambold, J. C.; Antle, C.; E.; Henry, J. J.; Radó, Z. 1995. International PIARC Experiment to Compare and Harmonize Texture and Skid Resistance Measurement. Permanent International Association of Road Congresses (PIARC). 423 p.     Will, A. B.; Zak, S. H. 2000. Antilock brake system modelling and fuzzy control, International Journal of Vehicle Design 24(1):  1-18. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJVD.2000.001870      Woodward, D.; Friel, S. 2017. Predicting the wear of high friction surfacing aggregate, Coatings 7(5): 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings7050071     Zhao, J.; Zhang, J.; Zhu, B. 2016. Coordinative traction control of vehicles based on identification of the tyre-road friction coefficient, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 230(12): 1585-1604. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407015618041<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1648-4142
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.10426
ID  - ref1
ER  -