TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - Dysfunctional adaptive immune response in adolescents and young adults with suicide behavior
JO  - Psychoneuroendocrinology
A1  - Jha, Manish K.
A1  - Cai, Ling
A1  - Minhajuddin, Abu
A1  - Fatt, Cherise Chin
A1  - Furman, Jennifer L.
A1  - Gadad, Bharathi S.
A1  - Mason, Brittany L.
A1  - Greer, Tracy L.
A1  - Hughes, Jennifer L.
A1  - Xiao, Guanghua
A1  - Emslie, Graham
A1  - Kennard, Betsy
A1  - Mayes, Taryn
A1  - Trivedi, Madhukar H.
SP  - e104487
EP  - e104487
VL  - 111
IS  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Immune system dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of suicide behavior. Here, we conducted an exploratory analysis of immune profile differences of three groups of adolescents and young adults (ages 10-25 years): healthy controls (n = 39), at risk of major depressive disorder (MDD; at-risk, n = 33), and MDD with recent suicide behavior/ ideation (suicide behavior, n = 37). <br><br>METHODS: Plasma samples were assayed for chemokines and cytokines using Bio-Plex Pro Human Chemokine 40-plex assay. Log-transformed cytokine and chemokine levels were compared after controlling for age, gender, body mass index, race, ethnicity, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. In post-hoc analyses to understand the effect of dysregulated immune markers identified in this exploratory analysis, their association with autoantibodies was tested in an unrelated sample (n = 166). <br><br>RESULTS: Only levels of interleukin 4 (IL-4) differed significantly among the three groups [false discovery rate (FDR) adjusted p = 0.0007]. Participants with suicide behavior had lower IL-4 [median = 16.8 pg/ml, interquartile range (IQR) = 7.9] levels than healthy controls (median = 29.1 pg/ml, IQR = 16.1, effect size [ES] = 1.30) and those at-risk (median = 24.4 pg/ml, IQR = 16.3, ES = 1.03). IL-4 levels were negatively correlated with depression severity (r= -0.38, p = 0.024). In an unrelated sample of outpatients with MDD, levels of IL-4 were negatively correlated (all FDR p < 0.05) with several autoantibodies [54/117 in total and 12/18 against innate immune markers]. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent and young adult patients with recent suicide behavior exhibit lower IL-4 levels. One biological consequence of reduced IL-4 levels may be increased risk of autoimmunity.<br><br>Crown Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0306-4530
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104487
ID  - ref1
ER  -