TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - King-Devick Test reliability in National Collegiate Athletic Association athletes: a National Collegiate Athletic Association-Department of Defense concussion assessment, research and education report
JO  - Journal of athletic training
A1  - Breedlove, Katherine M.
A1  - Ortega, Justus D.
A1  - Kaminski, Thomas W.
A1  - Harmon, Kimberly G.
A1  - Schmidt, Julianne D.
A1  - Kontos, Anthony P.
A1  - Clugston, James R.
A1  - Chrisman, Sara P.
A1  - McCrea, Michael
A1  - McAllister, Thomas W.
A1  - Broglio, Steven P.
A1  - Buckley, Thomas A.
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - CONTEXT: The King-Devick (KD) test has received considerable attention in the literature as an emerging concussion assessment. However, important test psychometric properties remain to be addressed in large-scale independent studies. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: To assess (1) test-retest reliability between trials, (2) test-retest reliability between years 1 and 2, and (3) reliability of the 2 administration modes. <br><br>DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Collegiate athletic training facilities. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: A total of 3248 intercollegiate student-athletes participated in year 1 (male = 55.3%, age = 20.2 ± 2.3 years, height = 1.78 ± 0.11 m, weight = 80.7 ± 21.0 kg) and 833 participated in both years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Time, in seconds, to complete the KD error free. The KD test reliability was assessed between trials and between annual tests over 2 years and stratified by test modality (spiral-bound cards [n = 566] and tablet [n = 264]). <br><br>RESULTS: The KD test was reliable between trials (trial 1 = 43.2 ± 8.3 seconds, trial 2 = 40.8 ± 7.8 seconds; intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] (2,1) = 0.888, <i>P</i> <.001), between years (year 1 = 40.8 ± 7.4 seconds, year 2 = 38.7 ± 7.7 seconds; ICC [2,1] = 0.827, <i>P</i> <.001), and for both spiral-bound cards (ICC [2,1] = 0.834, <i>P</i> <.001) and tablets (ICC [2,1] = 0.827, <i>P</i> <.001). The mean change between trials for a single test was -2.4 ± 3.8 seconds. Although most athletes improved from year 1 to year 2, 27.1% (226 of 883) of participants demonstrated worse (slower) KD times (3.2 ± 3.9 seconds) in year 2. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The KD test was reliable between trials and years and when stratified by modality. A small improvement of 2 seconds was identified with annual retesting, likely due to a practice effect; however, 27% of athletes displayed slowed performance from year 1 to year 2. These results suggest that the KD assessment was a reliable test with modest learning effects over time and that the assessment modality did not adversely affect baseline reliability.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1062-6050
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-219-18
ID  - ref1
ER  -