TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2019//
TI  - Evidence of multiple methods of torture
JO  - Journal of forensic and legal medicine
A1  - Dandeniya Arachchi, Samadhi
A1  - Ruwanpura, Rohan
SP  - 15
EP  - 18
VL  - 67
IS  - 
N2  - Torture, which violates human rights, is still being practiced worldwide despite of all the bound rules and regulations. Although "beating" is the commonest method applied, other physical, psychological and sexual methods are often being practiced. 1975 Tokyo declaration defines torture and the doctor's role in managing torture. Injury identification and accurate dating are major challenges faced by medical professionals in dealing with cases of torture. Inadequacy of the history and late presentation are another major issues that often interfere with proper medico-legal management. It would be wise for the professional who is involved in management of torture cases to be thorough of 'Istanbul protocol' which contain the first set of internationally recognized standards for effective examination of torture victim. This case report discusses some of the entities such as beating, water torture, mock execution and other psychological methods, and rear occurrence of hanging with near death experience.<br><br>Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Ltd.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1752-928X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2019.07.007
ID  - ref1
ER  -