TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2014//
TI  - Characterization of patients with mood disorders for their prevalent temperament and level of hopelessness
JO  - Journal of affective disorders
A1  - Pompili, Maurizio
A1  - Innamorati, Marco
A1  - Gonda, Xenia
A1  - Erbuto, Denise
A1  - Forte, Alberto
A1  - Ricci, Federica
A1  - Lester, David
A1  - Akiskal, Hagop S.
A1  - Vazquez, Gustavo H.
A1  - Rihmer, Zoltan
A1  - Amore, Mario
A1  - Girardi, Paolo
SP  - 285
EP  - 291
VL  - 166
IS  - 
N2  - Background Mood disorders (MD) are disabling conditions throughout the world associated with significant psychosocial impairment. Affective temperaments, as well as hopelessness, may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of MD. The present study was designed to characterize patients with MD for their prevalent affective temperament and level of hopelessness.  Methods Five hundred fifty-nine (253 men and 306 women) consecutive adult inpatients were assessed using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire version (TEMPS-A), the Gotland Scale for Male Depression (GSMD), the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).  Results Higher cyclothymia and irritable temperaments were found in bipolar disorder-I (BD-I) patients compared to those with other Axis I diagnoses. Major depressive disorder (MDD) patients had lower hyperthymia than BD-I and BD-II patients and higher anxiety than patients with other Axis I diagnoses. Severe "male" depression was more common in BD-II patients compared to BD-I and MDD patients. BD-I patients and those with other axis I diagnoses reported lower BHS ≥9 scores than those with BD-II and MDD.  Limitations The study had the limitations of all naturalistic designs, that is, potentially relevant variables were not addressed. Furthermore, the cross-sectional nature of the study did not allow conclusions about causation, and the use of self-report measures could be potentially biased by social desirability.  Conclusion MDD patients were more likely to have higher anxious temperament, higher hopelessness and lower hyperthymic temperament scores, while BD-I patients more often had cyclothymic and irritable temperaments than patients with other Axis I diagnoses. The implications of the present results were discussed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0165-0327
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.05.018
ID  - ref1
ER  -