TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2018//
TI  - Fire safety enhancement of a highly efficient flame retardant poly(phenylphosphoryl phenylenediamine) in biodegradable poly(lactic acid)
JO  - Journal of hazardous materials
A1  - Wu, Ningjing
A1  - Fu, Guoliang
A1  - Yang, Yue
A1  - Xia, Mingfeng
A1  - Yun, Han
A1  - Wang, Qingguo
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
VL  - 363
IS  - 
N2  - Flame-retarded poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biodegradable materials are viewed as promising as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based commodity polymers. A new highly efficient flame retardant, poly(phenylphosphoryl phenylenediamine) (PPDA), was synthesized by the condensation of phenylphosphoryl dichloride with p-phenylenediamine and its structure was confirmed by <sup>1</sup>H nulear magnetic resonance and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. When 3 wt% PPDA was incorporated into PLA, the limited oxygen index increased from 20.0% of neat PLA to 25.5% and its UL-94 vertical burning testing achieved V-0 rating. Moreover, the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of PLA/3 wt% PPDA material were decreased from 109.1 MJ/m<sup>2</sup> and 643.7 kW/m<sup>2</sup> of PLA to 98.3 MJ/m<sup>2</sup> and 570.0 kW/m<sup>2</sup>, respectively, and the fire performance index increased from 0.081 of PLA to 0.132 m<sup>2</sup> s/kW. The high fire safety of PPDA in PLA is mainly attributed to the combined effects of the phosphorous-containing radical inhibition and inert gases and the barrier action of the formed char layer. The addition of less than 3 wt% PPDA has little influence on the tensile and impact properties of PLA. The flame retardant PLA blends have great application potential in electrical casing, automobile interiors and three-dimensional printing materials.<br><br>Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0304-3894
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.08.090
ID  - ref1
ER  -